Adaptive Reuse and Sustainability in Therapeutic Architecture: Transforming Historic Buildings into Healing Spaces

In the 21st century, complex issues such as urbanization, environmental sustainability, and mental well-being have introduced new paradigms in architecture focused on transformation and healing. In this context, adaptive reuse has evolved into a critical strategy not only for the physical preservation of historic buildings but also for supporting user well-being and fostering sustainable architectural production. This study examines three international examples of adaptive reuse implemented within the framework of therapeutic architecture principles—Cité du Design (France), Trinity Buoy Wharf (United Kingdom), and The Waterhouse at South Bund (China). Using documentary analysis, visual-audio documentation, and comparative analysis methods, the research evaluates the spatial transformation strategies, sensory and therapeutic qualities, and sustainability performances of these projects. Findings reveal that adaptive reuse practices enable not only physical interventions but also user-centered, sensory, and healing spatial experiences. Furthermore, such transformations contribute to environmental sustainability through carbon footprint reduction, energy efficiency, and the preservation of cultural continuity. In conclusion, these approaches at the intersection of therapeutic architecture and adaptive reuse underscore the necessity of addressing contemporary architecture through its environmental, psychological, and social dimensions.