BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION OF VARIOUS WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES AGAINST MAJOR DISEASES IN THE CENTRAL ZONE OF KRASNODAR KRAI

The efficacy of biological fungicides against foliar diseases on winter wheat varieties in the central zone of Krasnodar Krai was studied. The protection program included pre-sowing seed treatment with the fungicide Vitaplan, WP, 20 g/t, in-season applications of Pseudobacterin-3, L, 0,1 l/ha (Z 32-33), Baktofort, L, 2 l/ha (Z 59-61), BFTIM KS-2, L, 2 l/ha (Z 75-77). The biological efficacy of protective treatments against powdery mildew was 62.9 % on the variety Svarog, 57.7 % on Don 107, 63.1 % on Yuka, and 70.3 % on Lilit, with disease development in the untreated control ranging from 16.8 % to 39.1 %. Against Septoria leaf spot, efficacy was 39.8 % on Lilit, 37.3 % on Don 107, 44.8 % on Yuka, and 43.9 % on Svarog, with disease development in the untreated control ranging from 15.5 % to 24.1 %. The phytopathogen protection program had a positive effect on wheat yield. Protected grain yield ranged from 3.9 c/ha in Lilit to 1.5 c/ha in Svarog. Gluten content in Don 107, Lilit, and Yuka increased by 18.4 %, 17.3 %, and 7.8 %, respectively, compared with the untreated control. Improvements in gluten quality were observed in Don 107 and Yuka, with increases of 7.9 % and 31.9 %, respectively.