Towards a Sustainable Safety Governance Framework for Community-Based Tourism

Purpose: This paper examines how safety can be effectively managed in community-based tourism (CBT) amid decentralised governance and multi-actor interdependencies. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study synthesises evidence from 51 peer-reviewed publications (2010-2024) and integrates insights from expert interviews to inform the development of a CBT safety framework. Findings: Tourism safety research remains tourist- and operator-centric, overlooking high-impact stakeholders. Interview insights reveal gaps in preventive systems, fragmented co-ordination, and institutional misalignment, highlighting the need for context-sensitive and community-embedded governance. Originality/Value: The study develops an integrated, stakeholder-driven CBT safety framework that links economic sustainability with participatory governance and extends institutional theory to explain how regulative, normative, and cognitive structures shape safety outcomes. Limitation: Reliance on published research and limited interviews may under-represent local practices. Practical Implications: Findings support inclusive, resource-efficient safety governance. Keywords: Community-Based Tourism; Tourism Safety; Stakeholder Integration; Economic Sustainability; Safety Management. Citation: Athari, A. D., Wasesa, M. and Putro, U. S. (2026): Towards a Sustainable Safety Governance Framework for Community-Based Tourism. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development (WJEMSD), Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 173-193.