Integrating molecular and clinical determinants of survival in a real-world glioblastoma cohort

Aims: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, with limited survival despite multimodal treatment. This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic impact molecular markers and clinical factors on survival outcomes in a real world GBM cohort. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 60 patients diagnosed with GBM between 2020 and 2023. Clinical, radiological, surgical, and molecular data were retrospectively collected. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves, with compared with log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Results: Median OS and PFS for the entire cohort were 16.5 and 9.8 months, respectively. Molecular markers were the strongest prognostic factors: IDH-mutant and MGMT-methylated tumors showed significantly prolonged OS and PFS compared to their wild-type/unmethylated counterparts (p