Green Policy and Elections: Climate Change Campaigns of Five Thai Political Parties in 2023 Elections

This study investigates the relationship between democratic governance and climate action in Thailand, with a focus on the 2023 general election. It aims to (1) examine how democratic governance influenced climate action during the 2023 election, and (2) identify the key challenges and institutional barriers that hinder the implementation of climate policies in Thailand. The researcher employs qualitative methods, specifically content analysis and thematic analysis, to examine the climate policies proposed by five major political parties—the Pheu Thai Party (PTP), Move Forward Party (MFP), Palang Pracharath Party (PPRP), Bhumjaithai Party (BJT), and the Democrat Party (DP)—through campaign documents, party manifestos, policy statements, and media reports. Findings reveal that while political parties incorporated climate action into their electoral platforms, their approaches varied significantly. Progressive parties, such as MFP, emphasized renewable energy and strict environmental regulations, while establishment parties, such as PPRP, prioritized economic stability over environmental concerns. The study also identifies institutional barriers, including political instability, military influence, economic constraints, and fragmented governance structures that hinder effective climate policy implementation in Thailand. This research contributes to the understanding of the relationship between democracy and environmental governance, highlighting the challenges of integrating climate policies within electoral politics. The findings underscore the need for stronger institutional frameworks, cross-party collaboration, and enhanced public participation to advance climate action in Thailand’s evolving democratic landscape. Highlights Explores how five major Thai political parties integrated climate change policies into their 2023 election campaigns. Reveals ideological and policy differences between progressive and establishment parties regarding climate governance. Identifies institutional barriers such as military influence and weak policy enforcement hindering climate action. Analyzes the relationship between democratic governance and environmental policy effectiveness in Thailand.Offers comparative insights into Southeast Asia's climate governance and implications for regional collaboration