Development of a Partnership-Based Managerial Competency Model for School Principals through Transformational Leadership

The development of school principals' managerial competencies requires a holistic and integrated approach to address the challenges of 21st-century education. This study aims to develop a model of school principals' managerial competencies that integrates transformational leadership and strategic partnerships. The research uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the ADDIE model limited to the Development stage. Model validation involves 2 media experts, 2 subject matter experts, and 2 vocational experts. Validity analysis uses Aiken's V index with criteria V ≥ 0.80 (highly valid) and 0.60 ≤ V < 0.80 (valid). The developed model produced an integrative framework called the "ADAPT Model" (Analysis-Design Action-Partnership-Transformation) which includes 5 training modules. Validation by media experts resulted in Aiken's V = 0.889 (highly valid), subject matter experts = 0.889 (highly valid), and vocational experts = 0.900 (highly valid). The model integrates three key elements: transformational leadership, managerial competence, and strategic partnership into one comprehensive framework. The developed model is valid and feasible for use in developing the managerial competence of primary school principals, with advantages in its integration of a transformational approach, its contextual relevance to primary school conditions, and its orientation towards strategic partnership practices.