Current and prospective Canadian parents' perceptions of cannabis use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

This mixed-methods research project explored perceptions of perinatal cannabis use among Canadian current and prospective birthing parents and their partners. Participants were recruited through the Angus Reid Forum and completed a cross-sectional survey with experimental vignettes, traditional survey questions, and two open-ended questions. An experimental design was used to examine how various factors of use influence perceptions, including perinatal stage, frequency, cannabis composition, reason for use, and method of consumption. Among participants (𝑁 = 821), cannabis use during pregnancy was viewed as carrying the greatest risk among the perinatal stages, while use for managing mental health or physical pain was perceived as having more positive impact on the birthing parent. Free-text survey responses were analyzed to gain a better understanding of the perceived health effects of cannabis use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Among participants (𝑁 = 644), responses ranged from negative to positive health effects, highlighted knowledge gaps representing failures of knowledge translation, called for additional research, and revealed stigmatizing attitudes. Given the increasing prevalence of perinatal cannabis use and the potential risks, understanding perceptions among the reproductive community is crucial. The findings highlight critical misinformation, significant knowledge gaps, and an urgent need for improved healthcare provider communication and public health messaging to support informed decision-making.