Out-of-Distribution Generalization with a SPARC: Racing 100 Unseen Vehicles with a Single Policy

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Authors: Association for Artificial Intelligence 2026, Bram Grooten, Patrick MacAlpine, Peter Stone, Kaushik Subramanian, Peter R. Wurman
Cited by: 0

Abstract

Generalization to unseen environments is a significant challenge in the field of robotics and control. In this work, we focus on contextual reinforcement learning, where agents act within environments with varying contexts, such as self-driving cars or quadrupedal robots that need to operate in different terrains or weather conditions than they were trained for. We tackle the critical task of generalizing to out-of-distribution (OOD) settings, without access to explicit context information at test time. Recent work has addressed this problem by training a context encoder and a history adaptation module in separate stages. While promising, this two-phase approach is cumbersome to implement and train. We simplify the methodology and introduce SPARC: single-phase adaptation for robust control. We test SPARC on varying contexts within the high-fidelity racing simulator Gran Turismo 7 and wind-perturbed MuJoCo environments, and find that it achieves reliable and robust OOD generalization.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Reinforcement Learning in Robotics Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety

Publication details

Journal / source
Underline Science Inc.
Publication date
7 January 2026
Language
EN