Recent advances in the development of high-performance HRE-free and RE-lean permanent magnets

The demand for (Nd,Dy)-Fe-B permanent magnets is growing due to their applications in green energy conversion and transportation. To ensure sustainable long-term production, it is essential to reduce dependence on critical elements like Dy and diversify the use of rare earths while maintaining high coercivity and energy density in the magnets. In this talk, we will discuss how the integration of advanced materials processing, multi-scale microstructural characterization, FIB/SEM tomography-based micromagnetic simulations, and machine learning models has contributed to the development of high-performance permanent magnets that are free of heavy rare earths or contain minimal rare-earth content.