PsyCLIENT: Client Simulation via Conversational Trajectory Modeling for Trainee Practice and Model Evaluation in Mental Health Counseling
Abstract
LLM-based client simulation provides a scalable approach to novice counselor training, counseling-dialogue synthesis, and interactive evaluation of automated counseling systems. However, existing approaches are limited by insufficient profile diversity, weak behavioral grounding, and the lack of open Chinese-language resources for simulated counseling clients. We propose PsyCLIENT, a framework that conditions simulated-client responses on client profiles, dialogue histories, and conversational trajectories specifying target behaviors and content constraints at each client turn. We also construct PsyCLIENT-CP, a dataset of 120 Chinese client profiles spanning 60 counseling topics. Evaluations involving 24 professional counselors show that PsyCLIENT receives higher ratings of perceived authenticity and training utility than the comparison methods. In a separate source-identification study, PsyCLIENT dialogues were more frequently misclassified as human-client interactions than those generated by the baselines. These results suggest that conversational trajectory modeling can transform static client profiles into behavior-guided, dynamically unfolding counseling interactions.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Speech and dialogue systems
Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
Emotion and Mood Recognition
Publication details
- Journal / source
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Publication date
- 12 January 2026
- Document type
- Preprint