AI Developments for T and B Cell Receptor Modeling and Therapeutic Design

Artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating progress in modeling T and B cell receptors by enabling predictive and generative frameworks grounded in sequence data and immune context. This chapter surveys recent advances in the use of protein language models, machine learning, and multimodal integration for immune receptor modeling. We highlight emerging strategies to leverage single-cell and repertoire-scale datasets, and optimize immune receptor candidates for therapeutic design. These developments point toward a new generation of data-efficient, generalizable, and clinically relevant models that better capture the diversity and complexity of adaptive immunity.