Factuality on Demand: Controlling the Factuality-Informativeness Trade-off in Text Generation

Read full text
Authors: Ziwei Gong, Yanda Chen, Julia Hirschberg, Chen Zhao, He He, Zhou Yu, Kathleen Mckeown
Cited by: 0

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) encode knowledge with varying degrees of confidence. When responding to queries, models face an inherent trade-off: they can generate responses that are less informative but highly factual, or more informative but potentially less accurate. Different applications demand different balances between informativeness and factuality. We introduce Factuality-Controlled Generation (FCG), a framework that enables users to specify factuality constraints alongside their queries. We propose to evaluate FCG performance on two dimensions: adherence to factuality constraints and response informativeness. We propose to train models on the FCG task using synthetic data, and show that our synthetic training significantly improves models' ability to both respect factuality requirements and maintain informativeness in their outputs.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Topic Modeling Natural Language Processing Techniques Speech and dialogue systems

Publication details

Journal / source
arXiv (Cornell University)
Publication date
31 January 2026
Document type
Preprint