Unbiased Estimation of Central Moments in Unbalanced Two- and Three-Level Models
Abstract
This paper derives closed-form unbiased estimators of central moments in multilevel random-effects models with unbalanced group sizes. In a two-level model, we provide unbiased estimators for the second, third, and fourth central moments under both group-level and observation-level averaging. In a three-level model, we provide unbiased estimators for the second and third central moments.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques
Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
Publication details
- Journal / source
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Publication date
- 3 February 2026
- Document type
- Preprint