Divide and Transfer: Non-Unique Factorizations Beyond Commutativity

Unique factorization fails in many rings and monoids, but divisor and transfer homomorphisms provide tools to understand non-unique factorizations. In this expository article, we first explore these notions in the classical setting of commutative Dedekind domains, where monoids of zero-sum sequences appear as a natural combinatorial model. We then adapt these ideas to the setting of noncommutative Dedekind prime rings using module-theoretic methods. Going a step further, we discuss Rump and Yang's recent divisor theory for ideals in hereditary noetherian prime rings, where divisors can be visualized in a diagrammatic calculus.