Geometry Challenges Entropy: Regime-DependentRectification in Nanofluidic Cascades

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Authors: Ting Peng
Cited by: 0

Abstract

Can geometry alone reshape equilibrium? Cascaded nanofluidic chambers show complex accumulation patterns, traditionally attributed to geometric diode effects. We use 3D molecular dynamics to decouple funnel rectification from boundary reflection. Simulations with argon parameters (r = 0.19 nm) reveal a striking "reverse" rectification in a 2-chamber setup: the narrow side accumulates over 5x more particles (N_1/N_0 = 5.37 +/- 0.01, p < 0.0001). In a 10-chamber argon cascade, this effect drives massive downstream accumulation. A symmetric control (w_L = w_R) eliminates the gradient, confirming that funnel asymmetry - not boundary/edge effects - is the primary driver in the ballistic regime. By contrast, the super-atom regime is dominated by boundary reflection. Our results challenge standard entropic transport theory and provide design rules for passive, geometry-driven density gradients - no pump, no drive.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies Field-Flow Fractionation Techniques Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics

Publication details

Journal / source
arXiv (Cornell University)
Publication date
14 February 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint