A guide to wall crossing for moduli of varieties

There have been major developments in the theory of moduli of varieties in the past decade, essentially settling the construction of moduli spaces of log canonically polarized slc pairs and moduli spaces of K-polystable log Fano pairs. Given the construction of these moduli spaces of pairs $(X, D)$, it is natural to ask how the moduli spaces vary as the coefficients of $D$ are perturbed. This phenomenon is known as wall crossing, the theory of which has been developed in several important cases in the past five years. This semi-expository article is an introduction to moduli of varieties and wall crossing, capturing a portion of the theory developed in the past several years. It also introduces tools and techniques used in explicit computations and examples, applying them in new examples.