Missingness Bias Calibration in Feature Attribution Explanations

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Authors: Shailesh Sridhar, Anton Xue, Eric Wong
Cited by: 0
References: 24

Abstract

Popular explanation methods often produce unreliable feature importance scores due to missingness bias, a systematic distortion that arises when models are probed with ablated, out-of-distribution inputs. Existing solutions treat this as a deep representational flaw that requires expensive retraining or architectural modifications. In this work, we challenge this assumption and show that missingness bias can be effectively treated as a superficial artifact of the model's output space. We introduce MCal, a lightweight post-hoc method that corrects this bias by fine-tuning a simple linear head on the outputs of a frozen base model. Surprisingly, we find this simple correction consistently reduces missingness bias and is competitive with, or even outperforms, prior heavyweight approaches across diverse medical benchmarks spanning vision, language, and tabular domains.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning Software Testing and Debugging Techniques

Publication details

Journal / source
arXiv (Cornell University)
Publication date
5 March 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint