The role of the skin microbiome in modulating rosacea

Introduction: The skin microbiome is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of rosacea, and disturbances in its composition may play a pivotal role in the development of the disease.Methods: A review of the literature in PubMed and Embase databases from inception to February 2025 to identify 13 scientific studies on the influence of the skin microbiome on the modulation of the course of rosacea.Results: Rosacea patients consistently exhibit microbial dysbiosis, which is characterized by an increased bacterial diversity, particularly involving pro-inflammatory taxa such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Corynebacterium, and Streptococcus.Conclusions: It seems there is growing evidence to suggest a link between the skin microbiome and the development of rosacea.This link involves changes in bacterial composition, interactions with the immune system, and the induction of inflammation.However, therapeutic implications remain largely speculative.