Artificial intelligence in preventive care in primary health care settings: a scoping review

Artificial Intelligence (AI) could be integrated into Primary Health Care (PHC) to enhance the preventive care of several diseases. This scoping review aims to provide current evidence on AI applications for the prevention of non-infectious diseases in PHC. A structured search was conducted in PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases to identify studies evaluating AI-based interventions implemented in the preventive care of non-infectious diseases in the PHC sector. AI-supported preventive care was compared to standard preventive care or non-AI-based interventions. Preventive medicine was defined as at least one primary outcome related to disease incidence, risk reduction, and early detection rates of non-infectious diseases. AI demonstrates significant potential in preventive medicine in PHC as it enables proactive, personalized, and data-driven interventions. However, its adoption requires strategies to overcome technical, ethical, and organizational barriers. Future research should address real-world implementation, cost-effectiveness, and clinician engagement to maximize clinical impact.