Incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing hip surgery: A prospective observational study.

Background: Postoperative delirium is a frequent neuropsychiatric complication following hip surgery in older adults and is associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased morbidity, and mortality. Objective: To determine the incidence and preoperative risk factors of postoperative delirium following hip surgery. Methods: This prospective observational study included 87 adult patients undergoing hip surgery at a tertiary care center between January 2020 and December 2023. Preoperative demographic characteristics, comorbidities, neurological and psychiatric history, hemoglobin levels, and functional status were recorded. Postoperative delirium was diagnosed using ICD-10 criteria. Statistical analysis included chi-square test, independent t-test, and logistic regression analysis. Results: Nineteen out of 87 patients developed postoperative delirium, giving an incidence of 21.8 cases per 100 patients undergoing hip surgery. Advanced age (>70 years), male sex, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, psychiatric illness, and poor functional status were significantly associated with delirium (p < 0.001). Mean hospital stay was longer in the delirium group (15±2 days) compared to the non-delirium group (9±2 days; p