Prevalence and Factors Associated with Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy: Cross-Sectional Study in University Hospital of Marrakech

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a prevalent hematologic disease affecting 5-10% of pregnancies globally. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic factors of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the university hospital Mohamed VI Marrakech, covering 1162 pregnant patients over one month (January 2022). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, and associations between thrombocytopenic status and independent factors were assessed. Blood samples were analyzed for complete blood count and platelet count. Results: Of the included pregnant patients, 7%(n=81) exhibited thrombocytopenia, with a mean age of 27.9±6.9 years. History of diabetes was reported among 11.36% (n=132). Anemia affects 20.40% (n=237) of participants. Regarding hypertension, the majority of cases are gestational hypertension (82.14%, n=23), with a few cases of chronic hypertension and preeclampsia. Anemia and history of thrombocytopenia were significantly associated with thrombocytopenia (P= 0.003), whereas maternal age, gestation, history of abortions, and diabetes did not exhibit significant associations. Gestational thrombocytopenia was the predominant etiology (70.4%, n=57), followed by preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. Conclusion: This study offers a look at the diverse landscapes of pregnancy-associated thrombocytopenia, highlighting the prevalence of gestational thrombocytopenia and its management challenges. Tailored strategies for postpartum investigation are emphasized for severe cases, contributing to a better understanding of the condition's clinical nuances, and informing more effective clinical approaches.