Influence of C:N ratio on the Growth and Reproduction of Different Epigeic Earthworms

The role of organic carbon and inorganic nitrogen for cell synthesis, growth and metabolism is very important for all living organisms. To provide proper nutrition for earthworms during the composting process, a correct ratio of Carbon and Nitrogen should be provided and it is also essential for microbial activity and multiplication (Jiang, et. al. 2011; Lv, et. al. 2018). The distribution of earthworm in their natural habitat with respect to C:N ratio has well reviewed by Lee, 1985. The C:N ratio also plays an important role in determining the quality of substrate (food) and another factor whether it is fully fermented (Ndewa, 2000). The pH, temperature, moisture and C:N ratio of organic wastes used in composting are important factors influencing the growth, reproduction and survival of earthworms (Qiao, 2003 and Hou, 2005). The balanced C:N ratio of about 25 is improved in the vermicomposting (Butt, 1993) but, different earthworm species responded differently to the different sources of nitrogen present in the food.