Endometriose e Infertilidade: Uma análise dos Impactos Reprodutivos Femininos

Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic disease that affects women with an average age of about 28 years. It is caused by the migration of endometrial tissue fragments, normally found only in the uterine lining, to other parts of the body, especially the abdomen and pelvic region. The reason for this tissue migration is still not fully understood. Patients commonly experience pain related to the menstrual cycle (dysmenorrhea), pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia), and infertility. Symptom severity does not necessarily depend on the amount of ectopic endometrial tissue. Endometriosis may be identified in women with typical symptoms or unexplained infertility. Diagnosis is confirmed by laparoscopy and may be complemented by biopsy, pelvic ultrasound, or pelvic magnetic resonance imaging. After diagnosis, treatment should begin under specialized medical supervision. Therapeutic management depends on disease stage, patient age, and symptoms, and may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, medications to reduce ovarian activity, surgical removal of ectopic tissue, and, in severe cases, removal of the uterus or both uterus and ovaries. General Objective: To investigate endometriosis and its relationship with female fertility, as well as its main impacts on women’s lives. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic review will be conducted using databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and Scielo, selecting scientifically relevant articles published between 2005 and 2025.