Sarcopenic obesity in patients with arterial hypertension and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Part 2

Aim. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the nonspecific inflammatory markers and study their impact on cardiometabolic risk in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) depending on the presence of sarcopenic obesity. Materials and methods. This article is a continuation of the article “Sarcopenic obesity in patients with arterial hypertension and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: focus on inflammation. Part 1” [12]. The second part of the article presents data on the influence of inflammatory markers and proinflammatory cytokines on cardiometabolic risks in patients with sarcopenic obesity, AH and MASLD. Results. A total of 133 patients with AH and MASLD were included in the study during the recruitment period. Women accounted for 43.6% (n = 58). The mean age of the subjects was 48.0±7.99 years, and the median duration of hypertension was 8.0 (3.0–14.5) years. Patients with sarcopenic obesity had higher values of nonspecific inflammatory markers. This group also had higher blood pressure, liver elasticity, and FLI values. Correlation analysis revealed numerous associations between inflammatory markers, cardiometabolic risks, body composition, muscle strength, and functional indicators in patients with AH and MASLD. Conclusion. The muscle-to-fat ratio in obese patients, as well as decreased muscle strength and impaired muscle function, may be associated with altered serum concentrations of nonspecific inflammatory markers, suggesting the role of proinflammatory cytokines in both the development and progression of sarcopenic obesity. Specifically, addressing chronic inflammation is considered a key mechanism for treating sarcopenic obesity, atherosclerosis, MASLD, and AH. The study and clinical implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at preserving muscle mass and strength and minimizing the impact of sarcopenia on the risk of cardiovascular disease in adults with AH and fatty liver disease are among the top priority areas of healthcare.