Geospatial Analysis of Emergency Incidents and Disaster Response Management in Oton, Iloilo

Abstract. Efficient emergency response, which is one of the main pillars of the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) framework, is critical in saving lives and properties especially when it comes to dispatch times and coverage areas. Thus, this study examines the spatial and temporal dynamics of emergency response operations in Oton, Iloilo, with the aim of identifying critical gaps in service coverage and response efficiency. Spatial distribution of emergency incident count and average emergency response times were analyzed at a barangay level. Getis Ord hotspot analysis revealed that urbanized barangays experience higher frequency of incidents and quicker response times, while remote and rural barangays experience lower incident counts and longer response times. Global and Local Moran's I were implemented for spatial autocorrelation analysis, with Global Moran’s I of 0.34 for incident count and 0.53 for response time suggesting statistically significant clustering. Temporal analysis revealed peak periods of long response times, particularly during evening hours and weekends, which can be attributed due to traffic conditions, limited personnel, or operational constraints. The combined spatial and temporal insights point to areas where response strategies could be optimized through better resource allocation, adaptive staffing, and strategic deployment of response teams. The findings emphasize the need for a more equitable and responsive emergency management system in Oton.