Mapping Urban Vegetation Changes Using PlanetScope Imagery and GIS: A Case Study of the 2024 Dubai Flood

Abstract. In April 2024, unexpected heavy rainfall triggered one of the most severe flooding events in Dubai’s recent history, causing widespread concern for urban infrastructure and green spaces. This study evaluates the flood’s impact on urban vegetation in South Dubai using high-resolution PlanetScope satellite imagery and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Vegetation conditions before and after the flood (April 14 and April 18–19, 2024) were quantified and compared using NDVI analysis within QGIS to assess changes in vegetation health and coverage. Results indicate significant declines in vegetation health in areas dominated by intensive turf management, such as Damac Hills and Jumeirah Golf Estates, while eco-oriented and sustainably designed communities, including The Sustainable City, displayed stable or slightly improved NDVI values. NDVI difference mapping highlighted both vegetation losses and localized gains, revealing a highly heterogeneous impact across the urban landscape. The study demonstrates the utility of remote sensing and NDVI-based analysis as effective tools for monitoring vegetation response to extreme weather events and provides insights to support urban planning, green infrastructure design, and resilience strategies in rapidly expanding arid cities.