Brief communication: Uncertainties in Southern Ocean sea surface conditions and their impact on Antarctic climate over 1958–1978
Abstract
Abstract. Atmospheric reanalyses extending before 1979, including ERA5, show a substantial cold bias over Antarctica during 1958–1978. Because Southern Ocean sea surface conditions (SSCs) are poorly constrained in this period, we assess their role using two ensembles of a global atmospheric model forced by different SSC datasets. The first uses the widely employed HadISST product, while the second is based on a recent reconstruction that assimilates continental observations. Our results show that SSC differences strongly alter the Antarctic surface climate, but explain only about 30 % of the ERA5 cold bias ERA5, indicating that additional factors contribute to this bias.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Climate variability and models
Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
Publication details
- Journal / source
- The cryosphere
- Publisher
- Copernicus GmbH
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2089–2098
- Publication date
- 15 April 2026
- Language
- EN