Temperature profiling at the American WAKE ExperimeNt (AWAKEN): methodology and uncertainty quantification
Abstract
Abstract. We quantify the accuracy of the temperature profiling from ground-based spectral infrared radiance observations at AWAKEN. Results from pre-campaign tests and comparisons with in-situ ground-based and airborne sensors at AWAKEN indicate that temperature profiles agree satisfactorily with traditional instruments for wind energy applications. The bias is within a fraction of a degree and appears to be related to atmospheric stability. Root-mean-square differences from the reference instruments are always smaller than a degree and are often well described by the online uncertainty estimation product. Height-to-height and site-to-site temperature differences are in excellent agreement with in-situ observations, which justifies the use of temperature profilers to characterize static stability and spatial gradients of temperature.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Wind energy science
- Publisher
- Copernicus GmbH
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1653–1677
- Publication date
- 8 May 2026
- Language
- EN