ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AS A CHALLENGE TO PUBLIC HEALTH: PREVENTIVE ASPECTS AND WAYS OF COUNTERACTION

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine and public health, as it leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the treatment of infectious diseases, an increase in the duration of hospitalization, the frequency of complications and mortality.The spread of resistant strains of microorganisms has significant socio-economic consequences and poses a threat to the sustainability of the healthcare system.The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial resistance as a challenge to public health and to identify the main preventive directions and strategies for counteraction. Materials and methods.The study was conducted using analytical, bibliosemantic methods and content analysis of modern scientific publications, recommendations of international organizations and regulatory and methodological documents.The sources analyzed are systematized by key areas: causes of AMR development, consequences for the healthcare system, and preventive approaches.Research results.It was established that the main factors of AMR spread are irrational prescription of antibiotics, empirical treatment without microbiological confirmation, non-compliance with the duration of therapy, as well as insufficient level of infection control in healthcare facilities.AMR complicates the course of infections, increases the risk of severe complications and the need to use reserve drugs.The leading areas of prevention are the implementation of programs for the rational use of antibiotics, strengthening infection control, expanding laboratory diagnostics, increasing vaccination coverage, and conducting systematic sanitary and educational work among the population. Conclusions.Antimicrobial resistance is a multifactorial problem that requires a comprehensive preventive strategy at the level of the healthcare system and public health.Implementation of measures for rational antibiotic therapy, infection control and raising public awareness are key conditions for containing the spread of AMR and maintaining the effectiveness of antibacterial treatment.