MAJOR RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTIPATION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

Background: Chronic constipation is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder with multifactorial etiology. University students may be at increased risk due to lifestyle and psychological factors. Objective: To identify major risk factors associated with constipation among students of Tbilisi State Medical University. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 192 students using a structured questionnaire assessing demographics, lifestyle, diet, psychological factors (DASS-21), and medication use. Constipation cases were defined using ROME III criteria, self-reported symptoms, and laxative use. Odds Ratios with 95% CIs were calculated. Results: Forty students (20.83%) met criteria for constipation. Significant risk factors included insufficient fruit intake (OR=2.93; p=0.003), insufficient vegetable intake (OR=2.28; p=0.0202), low dietary fiber (OR=2.61; p=0.0219), low water intake (OR=2.07; p=0.0462), night-time eating (OR=2.39; p=0.0146), frequent antibiotic use (OR=8.33; p=0.005), antacids (OR=37.75; p=0.0000), diuretics (OR=12.24; p=0.007), minerals (OR=3.66; p=0.0199), and anxiety (OR=3.32; p=0.0007). BMI, physical activity, sleep, alcohol, smoking, and socioeconomic status were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Dietary factors, medication use, and anxiety were strongly associated with constipation among university students. Interventions promoting healthy eating, hydration, stress management, and cautious medication use are recommended.