Accessibility Barriers in Low-Floor Buses and User Perspective on Portable Ramp Solutions

The issues regarding accessibility in public transport should be considered so that PWDs may equally participate. Although low-floor buses with ramps were initially launched, their effectiveness has continued to be restricted. This preliminary study explored challenges faced by wheelchair users in accessing low-floor buses in Lucknow, India, through semi-structured interviews with four participants and field observations at a major bus stop. Findings revealed major operational and infrastructural barriers: (1) frequent mechanical failures due to poor ramp maintenance, and (2) difficulties reaching bus stops, often linked to high costs. Participants strongly supported a lightweight, foldable portable ramp to increase independence and reduce reliance on bus staff. In response, the study proposes a conceptual multi-fold ramp made from composite materials for stability and portability. Although it is a small-sample and single-site study, it mostly notes the gap between policy and practice, hence recommending the suggested ramp as a cost-effective solution alongside other programs that may assist in promoting overall m1obility. Keywords: Accessibility, Portable Ramp, Low Floor Buses, Inclusive Mobility