Business Model Canvas for Strengthening Productive Waqf Ecosystems: Evidence from IPB’s Livestock Waqf Project

This study examines how productive waqf assets can be transformed into a sustainable business ecosystem through the application of the Business Model Canvas (BMC), using the Integrated Livestock Waqf Project at IPB University as a case study. Indonesia possesses a large potential of waqf land, yet most of these assets remain underutilized for productive economic activities. Responding to this gap, the study adopts a qualitative case study approach, drawing on field observations, semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, and document analysis to develop a comprehensive BMC for a livestock-based productive waqf initiative. The results show that the proposed model integrates upstream livestock breeding and fattening, downstream meat processing and distribution, and livestock-based educational tourism within a faith-based business framework. The BMC highlights the importance of multi-stakeholder partnerships, professional governance, diversified activities, and multiple revenue streams in ensuring both financial sustainability and social impact. By linking waqf principles with modern business modeling, this study demonstrates that productive waqf can function as a form of Islamic social enterprise capable of supporting economic empowerment and community welfare. The findings contribute to the literature by offering an implementable framework for designing productive waqf ecosystems, particularly in the agricultural and livestock sectors, and provide practical insights for waqf managers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to optimize waqf asset utilization. Keywords: Business model canvas; Islamic social finance; Livestock waqf; Productive waqf; Sustainable business model;