Minor Irrigation and Economic Upliftment: A study on Tribal Farming Households in Sambalpur District

This abstract explores the transformative role of minor irrigation projects in enhancing the livelihoods of tribal farmers, using primary data collected from selected villages across Sambalpur district, Odisha. The research examines changes in income levels, cropping patterns, agricultural productivity, and employment opportunities before and after the implementation of the minor irrigation scheme. Quantitative (statistical analysis of paired T – test, trends and patterns in implementation and outcomes) methods. The findings reveal that assured water availability has significantly increased agricultural output, encouraged crop diversification, and reduced dependence on rain-fed farming. Tribal households experienced notable improvements in farm income, food security, and engagement in allied activities such as fisheries and vegetable cultivation. Overall, the study highlights minor irrigation as a key driver of rural economic upliftment and a catalyst for sustainable development among tribal communities. Keywords: Irrigation, Farmer, agricultural productivity, income level, cropping pattern