The Cytotoxicity of Green Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) on Gingival Fibroblasts

Sodium hypochlorite and EDTA, as irrigating solutions, when they come into contact with periapical tissue, are detrimental. Therapeutic material derived from the medicinal plant green okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a promising candidate. However, prior to clinical application, its cytotoxicity must be evaluated. Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of green okra (GO) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) using the MTT assay. Method: HGF stock cell primary culture was employed in this experimental facility. The group tests: GO (6.25%-100%), NaOCL (1.25%, 2.5%), 17% EDTA. The solutions were applied to the HGF after they were seeded in a 96-well flat-bottom microplate and cultured for 48 hours. Using the MTT assay, the cell viability was examined. Result: GO maintained cell viability above 94% across all concentrations, indicating non-cytotoxicity. NaOCl at 1.25% was also non-cytotoxic, while 2.5% NaOCl showed sligth cytotoxicity. In contrast, 17% EDTA was severely cytotoxic, with viability reduced to < 2%. Kruskal-Wallis analysis revealed significant differences among groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The green okra is non-cytotoxic to gingival fibroblasts. Keywords: cytotoxicity; green okra; irrigant solution