Prioritizing sustainable suppliers for the green food supply chain in Vietnam: An integrated ANP-AHP decision framework

This study proposes an integrated ANP–AHP decision-making framework to prioritize sustainable suppliers, considering three aspects: economic, environmental, and social. The weighted analysis results show that the five most important criteria are supply reliability (EC2, 0.0882), delivery & logistics efficiency (EC3, 0.0880), chain cooperation & trust (SO4, 0.0861), labor conditions & safety (SO1, 0.0835), and environmental standards & certifications (EN1, 0.0815). This reflects that, although economic factors still dominate, social and environmental aspects are becoming increasingly important. Applying the ANP–AHP framework to five potential suppliers, the study identifies two preferred suppliers, S2 and S3, which demonstrate a balance between operational efficiency and compliance with sustainability criteria. The study provides a systematic decision-making tool for Vietnamese food enterprises and, at the same time, provides a reference basis for policymakers to promote green supply chain practices.