Healthcare Waste Management at Primary Healthcare Centers and Private Clinics in Jenin District of Palestine

In Palestine, akin to many developing nations, a significant lack of comprehensive data concerning the generation, handling, and disposal of healthcare waste (HCW) at primary healthcare centers (PHCs) and private clinics (PVTCs) is observed. This data gap hinders the development and implementation of effective HCW management programs. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the current status of HCW management practices at PHCs and PVTCs in the Jenin district of northern Palestine. A detailed questionnaire was distributed to 170 medical personnel to outline the procedures, techniques, and methods employed for HCW management practices. The questionnaire covered critical aspects including HCW generation, segregation, collection, storage, transportation, treatment, and final disposal. A sample of 30 PHCs and 30 PVTCs was chosen for solid HCW generation and characterization in the district. This was because limited reliable information on the quantities and characteristics of wastes generated in these healthcare facilities (HCFs) existed. Findings revealed that surveyed healthcare providers lacked guidelines for segregated HCW collection and classification, as well as appropriate storage and disposal methods. This deficiency underscores the urgent need for a robust HCW management strategy to enhance and regulate existing procedures. The average rates of HCW generation were determined to be 0.83 kg/PHC/day and 0.40 kg/PVTC/day. Moreover, multiple HCW management practices in many HCFs posed unnecessary health risks to patients, staff, waste handlers, and the general population. This study suggests stakeholder collaboration to implement efficient HCW management strategies that protect public health and the environment.