Defining Standards for Retroperitoneal Single-Port Robotic Surgery: the ARISE International Delphi Consensus

Background. The advent of the single-port (SP) robot has renewed interest in retroperitoneal surgery in Urology. Objectives. To develop an international consensus on technical principles, training requirements, patient selection, and procedural best practices for Retroperitoneal SP Robotic Urologic Surgery through a structured Delphi methodology. Methods. A five-step modified Delphi process was conducted in accordance with ACCORD guidelines. Thirty-two statements were formulated by a steering committee of expert robotic surgeons and distributed to an international panel of 16 urologists from five countries. Consensus was defined as ≥70% agreement with