EFFICACY OF AYURVEDIC THERAPIES IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Madhumeha) is a major metabolic disorder and one of the leading global health challenges. In Ayurveda, it is described as a subtype of Prameha, resulting from deranged Kapha and Vata dosha, Agnimandya (metabolic dysfunction), and Meda dushti (adipose imbalance). Ayurvedic management emphasizes restoration of metabolic balance through Shodhana (purificatory), Shamana (palliative), and lifestyle-based therapies. Objectives: To systematically review published clinical evidence on the efficacy of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with emphasis on glycemic control and overall metabolic outcomes. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, AYUSH Research Portal, and Google Scholar using predefined keywords. Studies reporting clinical outcomes of Ayurvedic management in Type 2 Diabetes were included. Fourteen studies meeting inclusion criteria (one randomized trial, one pilot study, and twelve case reports) were analyzed. Outcomes included HbA1c, fasting, and postprandial blood glucose, and symptomatic changes. Results: Across all included studies, Ayurvedic interventions demonstrated consistent improvement in glycemic parameters. Reported HbA1c reduction ranged from 11.2% to 5.7% and 14.8% to 6.0%, with no adverse effects. Interventions involving Virechana, Basti, and formulations such as Gudmar, Phalatrikadi Kvatha, Chandraprabha Vati, and Triphala showed notable efficacy. Discussion: Ayurvedic management of Madhumeha appears effective and safe, improving glycemic control and metabolic stability through correction of Agnimandya and Meda dushti. Larger controlled trials are warranted to validate these findings and integrate Ayurveda into comprehensive diabetes care.