Alternating Nucleon Model structures of stable nuclides from 2H to 72Ge
Abstract
The attached interactive HTML file contains rotatable geometric visualizationsof 81 stable ground-state isotopes from 2H through 72Ge. The Alternating NucleonModel (ANM) assigns explicit three-dimensional coordinates to every proton andneutron, optimizing proton-neutron pairs within cylindrical structures built fromtwo empirical length scales: the proton charge radius (0.8414 fm) and theinter-ring separation (0.9616 fm), combined with prolate spheroid nucleongeometry inferred from the N to Delta(1232) quadrupole transition. Structural complexity condenses to a single counted geometric parameter, theaverage nearest-neighbour coordination number C_AN. Nuclide assembly isconstrained by experimental charge radii (R2 = 0.978, RMSE = 0.089 fm, n = 79).Against that coordinate, binding energy per nucleon is quadratic (R2 = 0.9929,RMSE = 0.103 MeV, n = 79, with 1H and 4He excluded), and a pairwisequark-charge summation reproduces the SEMF Coulomb term (R2 = 0.991).Stepwise directional concordance between the two Coulomb estimates is 100percent across the 50 adjacent-nuclide steps the model resolves, taking aresolution floor of 0.25 MeV; over all 78 steps, including those far belowresolution, it is 92.3 percent. Version 6 corrects the quark-charge summation convention. Sums now run overinter-nucleon quark pairs only, excluding intra-nucleon self-energy, so that thequantity compared against the SEMF term a_C Z(Z-1)/A^(1/3) is defined the sameway on both sides. Earlier versions summed over all unique quark pairs. Version6 also relaxes the Phase IVo ring geometry across all ten Phase IV nuclides,snaps the interior lattice to exact construction constants, and repositions oneinclusion neutron in 35Cl. Full details, including derived-column conventionsand known limitations, are in README.txt. Steric constraints of incomplete lattice rings predict the next stable isotopein 26 of 33 cases, while structural symmetry identifies the eight mostcosmically abundant isotopes. These results demonstrate that a geometric nuclearmodel is not only visualizable but predictive across three orders of magnitudein energy scale.
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 24 July 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Dataset