A REVIEW ON HETUS OF KASA ROGA IN MODERN-DAY PERSPECTIVE

Kasa Roga, a common disorder of the Pranavaha Srotas, is described in Ayurveda as a condition that may arise as a Swatantra Vyadhi (independent disease), a Lakshana (symptom) or an Upadrava (complication). In Ayurveda Kasa roga is classified into into five types based on the predominance of Dosha and nature of obstruction. If neglected, Kasa may progress to a poor prognostic stage. Modern medicine defines cough as a protective reflex aiding in airway clearance, with significant prevalence across both rural and urban populations. Ayurveda identifies several etiological factors (hetus) for Kasa, including Raja (dust), Dhooma (smoke), Ruksha Anna (dry foods), Snigdha Anna (unctuous foods) and Abhishyandi Ahara (channel-blocking foods). When interpreted in a modern context, these correlate with environmental dust exposure, air pollution, vehicular emissions, dry food habits, excessive oily food intake and consumption of heavy, Kapha-increasing foods. These factors collectively contribute to airway irritation, phlegm formation and increased susceptibility to respiratory disorders. Understanding the correlation between classical Ayurvedic etiological factors and their modern equivalents is essential for accurate diagnosis of Kasa. This alignment helps practitioners apply classical principles effectively within contemporary clinical settings.