FROM CURE TO CONCERN: THE BURDEN OF ANTIBIOTIC OVER CONSUMPTION AND MISAPPLICATION

Antibiotics have been one of the greatest discoveries in modern medicine, saving countless lives by effectively treating bacterial infections. However, their over consumption and misapplication have become major global health concerns. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of antibiotics, including their history, classification, and mechanisms of action. It highlights how inappropriate prescribing, self-medication, and use in agriculture have contributed to the rise of antibiotic resistance — a threat that undermines the effectiveness of existing treatments. The paper emphasizes the need for rational antibiotic use, public awareness, and the development of new antimicrobial agents to combat this growing crisis.