Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Report of a Rare Case

Abstract Primary Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder (SCNEC) is an uncommon and highly aggressive malignancy, accounting for less than 1% of bladder tumors. It is often diagnosed at an advanced disease stage. We report a case of a 58-year-old male presenting with painless hematuria, subsequently diagnosed as primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The patient was managed with TURBT, combination chemotherapy and concurrent radiotherapy. This case highlights the importance of considering neuroendocrine carcinoma in the differential diagnosis of bladder tumors due to its distinct clinical behavior and therapeutic implications. Keywords: Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, urinary bladder, rare tumour.