DUALISM AND SELF-REFLECTION IN MARY SHELLEY'S FRANKENSTEIN

This study focuses on dualism and self-reflection in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein or, The Modern Prometheus (1818). It argues that the relationship between Victor Frankenstein and his Creature represents a divided human self. Rather than being completely separate characters, Victor and the Creature reflect different sides of the same identity, revealing inner conflict, guilt, and moral responsibility. The novel follows the Gothic tradition of the “double” to explore key oppositions such as reason and imagination, creator and creation, and the conscious and unconscious mind. From a Jungian perspective, the Creature can be as Victor’s Shadow, expressing the thoughts and emotions that Victor tries to deny. Through its layered narrative structure and moments of personal reflection, the novel encourages readers to think about how individuals understand themselves and take responsibility for their actions. Frankenstein also questions the ideals of Enlightenment rationalism and Romantic ambition. Shelley suggests that when people ignore or reject parts of themselves, their pursuit of knowledge and success can become destructive. Ultimately, the novel is not only a Gothic story about science and creation, but also a meaningful reflection on self-awareness, moral duty, and the human need for inner balance.