Genetic erosion and in-situ conservation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Cameroon

Genetic erosion and in situ conservation are two strategies for resilience in food security. The main objective of this study was to know the interactions between these two concepts into the farmlands facing climate change threats. A survey of 224 peanut’s farmers of 75 localities were represented by two groups; North region (zone 1) with 111 farmers and South region (zone 2) with 113 farmers. 23 variables (questions), were divided in two categories; variables of protection (8 questions) and variables of production (15 questions). Factorial analysis of components (FAC) were used to construct in situ conservation models for the North and South system of production. The Cramer tests, were used to link genetic erosion and in situ conservation. FAC shows that, models of in situ conservation are very specific inside each zone. Globally the interaction exist into the farmers because the Cramer value of 0.385 characterizes the presence of genetic erosion, and a quite high level (3) of in situ conservation. Facing climate change threats, the practice of genetic erosion to sustain food security inside the farmlands is another good solution. Also, genetic erosion and in situ conservation of peanut are the two resilient approaches against food insecurity.