Mitigation of Riverbank Erosion Using Controlled Wave-Energy Dissipation Mechanisms

Riverbank erosion represents a persistent environmental and socio-economic challenge in river-dominated regions, particularly in large alluvial river systems such as those found in Bangladesh.Continuous bank retreat results in significant land loss, population displacement, and long-termdegradation of agricultural productivity. Conventional erosion-control measures—including rigidembankments, revetments, and sandbag-based protection—often provide only short-termstability and are associated with high construction costs, ecological disruption, and erosiontransfer to adjacent or downstream river reaches.This study proposes a mechanically based river-wave energy dissipation framework thatmitigates erosion by attenuating hydrodynamic energy within the river channel prior to bankinteraction, rather than resisting erosive forces at the bank interface. The proposed systemutilizes submerged, horizontally aligned cylindrical rolling mechanisms that interact withincoming surface gravity waves. Through wave–structure interaction, a portion of linear wavemomentum is converted into rotational mechanical motion and subsequently dissipated viaviscous friction and turbulence within the flow field.By reducing wave height, orbital velocity, and associated momentum flux, the system effectivelylowers boundary shear stress acting on riverbank materials, maintaining applied stresses belowcritical erosion thresholds. The framework is grounded in established principles of fluidmechanics, wave-energy theory, sediment transport, and river morphology, ensuring consistencywith fundamental physical laws and conservation principles.The proposed approach offers a passive, low-impact, and morphology-preserving alternative toconventional embankment-based erosion control. While further site-specific modeling,experimental validation, and field-scale implementation are required, the conceptual frameworkdemonstrates strong potential for sustainable application in erosion-prone river systems............. Please check the attachment for details