Canine Mast Cell Tumor: Molecular Pathogenesis and Diagnostic Advancement

Gout was first described in India in 1941. It is found in broiler, layer as well as parent breeding stock. Layer are the poultry birds which are kept solely for the purpose of the egg production. Normally bird start laying egg at the age of 5 months after passing through the stage of grower/ Pullet. Visceral gout or Avian urolithiasis is a metabolic disorder of the poultry birds. The lesions in a bird can be the result of pleothera of causes. Unlike mammals which are ureotelic i.e. the end product of the nitrogen metabolism is the urea; birds don’t have that luxury, instead they secrete uric acid due to the deficiency of the uricase enzyme. White chalk like deposit over the surface of the various visceral organ help to clearly identify the condition. These crystals are monosodium urate crystals (mostly) and calcium urate (very few). Visceral gout is the acute form of the disease while chronic form has needle shaped crystals (tophi) in the joint called as articular gout, this chronic form is found in very less percentage. Gout initially decreases the FCR (Feed conversion ratio), egg count of the flock and then shifts to mortality.