AI Capitalism: Defining a New Economic Structure

This paper introduces AI Capitalism, a theoretical framework describing an AI-mediated economic system in which capital allocation, value formation, and resource distribution are executed autonomously by artificial intelligence systems. The study argues that in AI-governed environments, visibility, indexability, and machine-readable representation function as primary drivers of wealth, replacing labor-centric production incentives observed in industrial and financial capitalism. The work extends prior research on the AI-Scored Society (Kawazoe, 2024) and AIO: AI Indexing Optimisation Protocol (Kawazoe, 2025), positioning AI Capitalism as the economic layer of an AI-structured societal architecture. The model formulates a recursive accumulation loop:Visibility → Indexability → Capital Allocation → Compute Utilization → Extract → Reinforcement,showing how feedback cycles accelerate wealth concentration and opportunity sorting through algorithmic evaluation rather than market negotiation. The paper contributes to literature on algorithmic governance, digital political economy, AI economics, computational capitalism, and wealth inequality under autonomous decision systems. Findings highlight that capital distribution becomes an inference-driven optimisation process, creating a new elite class defined by persistent visibility in AI inference layers, not by ownership or labor productivity. Implications are discussed for AI taxation, compute-based resource governance, training-data capital, labour displacement, global power asymmetry, and future macro-economic policy design. The study proposes AI Capitalism as a first-generation conceptual model for analysing post-market, post-labor, AI-native economies, offering a foundation for empirical, simulation-based, and policy-oriented research. Keywords:AI Capitalism; AI-Scored Society; AIO; Algorithmic Economy; Visibility Economy; Autonomous Allocation; Digital Capital; Model Compute; Reinforcement Distribution; Future of Work; Political Economy of AI; Inequality; Computational Governance; Post-Labor Economics.