The Unified Scale Symmetry Model (USSM): A Tensor Reformulation of Newtonian Mechanics and General Relativity

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Authors: Taylor Santos
Cited by: 0

Abstract

Abstract: This paper establishes the theoretical foundation of the Unified Scale Symmetry Model (USSM). We propose that the vacuum of space is not a geometric void but a physical fluid medium with a bulk viscosity \zeta = 7.01 \times 10^8 Pa$\cdot$s and a metric speed of sound c_s \approx 430 km/s. By integrating a 90 km/s vertical metric inflow into the Parametrized Post-Newtonian (PPN) framework, we derive a new set of viscous stress-energy tensors (T_{\mu \nu}^{viscous}). These derivations demonstrate that Newton’s Laws of Motion and Einstein’s Field Equations are emergent properties of a 17.135-billion-year-old fluid metric. We conclude by defining the conservation of wave speed as a function of vacuum impedance and metric drift

Fields of Study & Subjects

Cosmology and Gravitation Theories Relativity and Gravitational Theory Fluid dynamics and aerodynamics studies

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
1 January 2026
Document type
Preprint