French Technology Stocks: A Ranking by Structural Expected Returns
Abstract
This article ranks 34 publicly listed French technology companies in descending order of SIRRIPA, a structural, fundamentals-based measure of expected total equity return that combines the stock internal rate of return on cumulative earnings (SIRR) and the stock price appreciation rate of return (SPARR), both derived from the Potential Payback Period (PPP), which generalizes the P/E ratio by incorporating earnings growth and the time value of money.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Auditing
Earnings Management
Governance
Financial Reporting and Valuation Research
Corporate Finance and Governance
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 2 January 2026
- Document type
- Preprint