An Analysis of Information and Electronic Transaction (ITE) Crimes from The Perspective of Criminal Law and Victim Protection

Social activities, economic transactions, communication, and the dissemination of information are now conducted through electronic media. However, this modernization has also been accompanied by the emergence of new forms of crime that were previously unknown in conventional criminal law. Technologybased crimes, or cybercrime, pose a serious challenge to the national legal system, particularly with regard to law enforcement and victim protection. Indonesia has responded to this phenomenon through Law Number 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions, which was later amended by Law Number 19 of 2016. Nevertheless, the implementation of the ITE Law continues to give rise to various problems, such as the multiple interpretations of legal provisions, difficulties in electronic evidence, and disparities in victim protection. These conditions indicate the need for an in-depth academic study to evaluate the effectiveness of existing regulations and to formulate a more comprehensive model of legal protection.